Write-up: Mark Cahill at Navs


Christianity is either essentially true or essentially false. If true, it is of dire importance for Christians to talk to everyone about their faith. By the same token, if Christianity is essentially false and potentially harmful to the world, it is my duty to engage with Christians about their faith.

Mark Cahill is simultaneously the nuttiest and most sane and rational Christian I have ever met. He has completely ridiculous views on many issues and he has even more ridiculous "evidence" to support them, mostly stemming from a borrowing of pop apologetics (Paley, C.S. Lewis, etc). I have been fortunate enough to acquire both of his books, let me know if you would like to borrow one and read it for yourself. He is not above quote-mining scientists, and he is rather open (at least in conversation) about his acceptance of Kent Hovind's ridiculous Creation "Science" ideas. Kent's videos are embarrassingly stupid, especially from someone who has the nerve to call himself a science teacher. Here is one of my favorite responses to Kent Hovind's creationism videos. It's one of a series of videos by youtube user Thunderf00t, and it's called "Why do people laugh at creationists?"





As laughable as Cahill's ideas were, and as weak as his justifications for them are, I have to admit that I have never met a more intellectually honest Christian. I admire his tenacity when it comes to evangelizing his faith, because he is honest enough to admit and even embrace the fact that if Christianity is true, and if Hell is real, it is the moral obligation of every Christian to witness their faith to others. I think there is a certain similarity between Christians like Cahill and atheists like myself: we are as far apart as possible when it comes to actual beliefs, be we recognize that at its core, Christianity is either essentially true or essentially false. If true, it is of dire importance for Christians to talk to everyone about their faith. By the same token, if Christianity is essentially false and potentially harmful to the world, it is my duty to engage with Christians about their faith. So either way, the discussion is incredibly important. Conveniently enough, many of our members actually do enjoy challenging and being challenged by Christians in discussion.


Upcoming: Mark Cahill


Hey! I just thought I would throw down a post about an upcoming post! You probably remember Trevor's "Know Your Arguments" post about Mark Cahill. Tonight, Mr. Cahill will be speaking at Navs (the event will begin in a few minutes). I just wanted to do a teaser for a post I'll no doubt be tossing up later tonight after an interesting conversation with Mr. Cahill.

He also was a guest speaker at a special service at the GBPAC on Sunday morning. Stef and I agreed that he seemed surprisingly rational given a few really unlikely assumptions (like the infallibility of the Bible). Cahill is an expert on evangelism, and most of the UNIFI people I've talked to agree that given this assumption, evangelism is a moral necessity. I suspect we'll learn some of his less rational ideas tonight.


The failure of Christianity as a moral system


"Thou shalt not steal"
In lieu of Links for the Sabbath, I thought I would do a write-up post today (don't worry, I'll post a few links tomorrow, I've just really been itching to write this). I've been thinking quite a bit about the moral system of Christianity since this month's Faith Forum. As Lucas Hewitt was generous enough to point out in the comments section of the other day's Common Ground post, many Christians believe that every human being (except Jesus) *deserves* Hell, but that it is the nonchristians who are actually going there.

If everyone deserves Hell, but Christians will be spared of what they deserve because of a vicarious redemption, then they get off without taking responsibility for their actions. What, then, is Christianity if not a lapse in justice, a loophole in the system? In this post, I want to expand a little further on how this makes the Christian religion immoral within its own framework: specifically, I will delve into the authoritarian and perverse ideals of morality inherent within theism. Then I want to detail how the system of vicarious redemption in general is immoral. Finally, I will reemphasize the contradiction within Christianity that is brought to light by these concepts.

To begin, we have to examine the concept of sin and sin nature. No matter how you spin it, the God of Abraham has some very specific and very difficult laws that must be obeyed in order to be worthy of a reward of any kind (read: in order to avoid the most terrible punishment imaginable). Indeed, most Christians will tell you that it is impossible to achieve this standard, and that it's supposed to be this way, that God invented this system knowing that we could not do it. For example, Jesus says that even thinking about an individual (he specifies woman, but I assume the concept transfers) in a lustful way is the same as committing adultery with that individual. This is literally thought-crime! Let's ignore the general absurdity of this revelation, and instead use it as an example of how the Christian God's morality is impossible to live up to, on purpose! 

Many Christians freely admit this, and they chalk it up to God's infinite justice: he is so just, he has to punish even the least-evil person (the "innocent" child, great moral teachers such as Martin Luther King Jr, etc) in the same degree as the most despicable, evil people in human history. But is this really justice? For the sake of length, I will refer you to a previous post of mine concerning the idea of infinite punishment for finite crimes; the main idea is that over-punishment is not justice. (For example, stealing is wrong, and thieves should be punished, but a thief should not be put to death; the punishment does not fit the crime.) There is no crime that could be committed by any person that would warrant infinite punishment, because people and their crimes are finite by nature.

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But that's not the point, we are informed. Haven't we heard the good news? We are told that Jesus died for our sins so that we don't have to go to Hell (Romans 6:23 "For the wages of sin is death, but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord"). There are two problems with this: first, it is yet another example of the filicide that is celebrated throughout the Old Testament: Abraham and Isaac, Jephthah and his daughter, Yahweh and Jesus. I won't expand upon this here, but I thought it was worth mentioning. Second, and much more seriously, this sacrifice offers a vicarious redemption: it is nothing if not scapegoating at the macro level:

I can pay your debt, my love, if you have been imprudent, and if I were a hero like Sidney Carton in A Tale of Two Cities I could even serve your term in prison or take your place on the scaffold. Greater love hath no man. But I cannot absolve you of your responsibilities. It would be immoral of me to offer, and immoral of you to accept. And if the same offer is made from another time and another world, through the mediation of middlemen and accompanied by inducements, it loses all its grandeur and becomes debased into wish-thinking or, worse, a combination of blackmailing with bribery. -Christopher Hitchens, God is Not Great

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Additionally, this raises the unanswerable question of why God bothered to create this tricky little loophole to begin with: if the law is too stringent (and it seems perfectly clear that this can be the only possible need for such a loophole), why can't he just change it? The whole system becomes even more jaded when we discover that only some people will make it through the tricky loophole in the ridiculously strict law. This concept at the heart of Christianity constitutes nothing less than a selective and permissive shirking of responsibility to God's outrageous laws.

Thus, Christianity is immoral in its own terms: it renders the good and just idea of responsibility for one's own actions meaningless. If they want to believe that what makes one a good person is adherence to an impossible set of ideals, that is fine. If they want to believe the sad corollary conclusion that all of humanity is depraved naturally, that is fine as well. But the Christian system depends on a litigious trick within its own system. Suddenly, Jesus Christ is Johnny Cochran, and he's getting a few people off God's hook on a technicality. 'Let's bypass the whole morality thing; you can never be moral, but as long as another injustice is done (the sacrifice of another autonomous individual who actually is moral) to balance the scale, you can still get into heaven and be with the almighty Big Brother."

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So there you have it, and I will conclude this long-winded post with a recap: in these paragraphs, I have examined the impossible moral system of the Abrahamic God, which is unjust in and of itself. If, however, we are to put on our Christianity caps and pretend that this system is just, we are confronted with the vicarious redemption of billions of people through the brutal sacrifice of the only innocent to ever walk the face of the Earth. Such scapegoating is an insult to the name of justice, especially if such justice makes any claims at all to being eternal or infinite. The sacrifice of Christ is an insult to justice in general, and the justice of the Abrahamic God in particular. It can thus be said that Christianity is unjust in its own terms, as well as the secular terms mentioned earlier (infinite punishment for finite crimes). In short, the moral system of Christianity is an utter failure: it is nothing less than an elaborate display of inanity and contradiction.


Know Your Arguments: The Religion of Peace


In light of Common Ground tonight, here's what the world's most violent religion has brought you recently...

  • 15,054 deadly terrorist attacks since 9/11
  • Violent, worldwide protests after the Jyllands-Posten cartoons
  • Assassination attempt of cartoons author Kurt Westergaard
  • A continued fatwa on Salman Rushdie
  • 109 verses commanding you to kill
  • More verses commanding you to torture
  • The belief that women are worth half as much as men
    • If only women had sufficient intelligence...
  • Condemning homosexuality
  • Oh, did I mentioned their prophet is a pedophile?
Clearly it's just a misunderstood religion...


Common Ground tomorrow!


Hey, I just thought I would do a post about an event tomorrow called "Common Ground" (facebook event here). The event is put on annually by the Department of Residence, and it's basically a gathering of individuals of different religious viewpoints so that everyone as a group can give each other hugs and use kind words, while diligently ignoring the fact that most of the people in the room think most of the other people in the room are going to one or another version of an infinite Hell to be tortured for eternity. Is this a good idea? This topic has generated much interesting discussion between some of our members.

Is it a good thing for religious individuals to realize that people of other faiths are actually human beings? Surely, but personally I think that there is necessarily some intellectual dishonesty here: let's not kid around, the vast majority of Christians think people of all other religions deserve to go to Hell, as do most Muslims. Is this topic on the agenda for the event tomorrow? Not likely. Many Muslims do not think the Danish Muhammad cartoons should be allowed to run in newspapers and magazines. Is this on the agenda? Again, not likely.

Whatever this event is, it is not an open forum for exchanging ideas, at least it is not intended to be. Here is a write-up of last year's Common Ground event, and below is a video of Christopher Hitchens that I thought was relevant (and you can bet will not be discussed at Common Ground tomorrow).

We encourage any members interested to attend the event with us tomorrow. You do not have to agree (or disagree) with the idea behind Common Ground to attend, and of course we do not expect anyone to keep quiet about their disagreement with the concept of the event (or their disagreement with us). We do, however, expect all UNIFI members who attend to abide by our usual rule: Respect the person with whom you are discussing, even if you do not respect his/her beliefs. Hope to see you there tomorrow at 6:30 in the Maucker Ballroom!



Blasphemy Friday: "Corpus Christi" in TX!


I was really excited yesterday morning to see a story about blasphemy and free speech on CNN (see video below)! Some students of Tarleton State University in Stephenville, TX are putting on a production of the play "Corpus Christi" for a class project. The play, which was written by Terrence McNally, depicts Jesus and some of the apostles as gay men. The fact that this show is going to run has outraged many local Christians. Said one former student: "I have homosexual friends, and that's not a problem to me, but making Jesus out to be a homosexual, I have a big problem with that." Thankfully, the administration cannot keep the students from producing the play as a class project, because this would infringe upon academic freedom. For more information about the play itself, including commentary about the play by its author, see this Blasphemy Friday post by Cody Hashman.





Thursdays with Seth #19: Heavenomics


WELCOME
To the nineteenth edition of THURSDAYS WITH SETH! This week, I, Seth Coster, UNIFI Director of Finance, having been inspired by Faith Forum, will explain the meaning of life. I'll start with a simple question which I'm sure many of us HEATHENS have faced:


What gives your life purpose?


Do you have an answer to that question? I do. I can answer that question in one word: SCARCITY. In a nutshell, scarcity is the idea that there is a finite amount of... something. Scarcity gives everything value. Of course, it is not a sufficient condition to give something value, but it is completely necessary. Without scarcity, there is no value.


For example, when it comes to money, we all basically understand the idea of inflation. Inflation occurs when the Fed prints more money, thereby causing prices to rise. So what does that do to the value of our currency? It depletes it. As more money is floating around, the value of each dollar drops. If suddenly there were 1,000 times more dollars floating around, each dollar would be worth 1/1000th of its previous value. Hence, the scarcity is reduced, and therefore the value is reduced. In other words, the more scarce something is, the more we value it.


This holds true with all of our resources (including life), and there is one resource in particular that is the scarcest of all: TIME. Time is the enemy, as they say, because it is always running out. You can't get more of it. That is why, when you do something for a period of time, it is said that you are "spending" time. It's gone. It's spent. You can't get it back! And if you spend your time unwisely, you have wasted it. The scarcity of time is what gives life meaning. We all know that we have a limited amount of time to spend on Earth, and therefore, each of us has valuable time. What we choose to do with that scarcest of resources indicates what we value in life.


If you decide to spend time with the ones you love, that is meaningful, because you can't get that time back. You devoted it to another individual, and there is no return policy. Further, the ones we love are meaningful to us because there aren't very many of them. They are scarce. You only have one family, and that is why it is so important to you to maintain a good relationship with them and devote your time to them (probably). If you had five thousand mothers, maintaining a strong relationship with every one of them would not only be impossible, it would be pointless.


Further, scarcity drives us to do anything and everything in life. We work because money is scarce. We need money to buy other scarce items, such as food. We can exchange money for food because both money and food are scarce. If food were infinite, we wouldn't need to work so hard to buy it. Our energy is scarce; it is always running out. We need to replenish it by depleting other scarce resources, such as food (through eating) and time (through sleeping). Sometimes, we spend scarce resources (time at school) in exchange for more resources in the future (higher income). We do everything that we do because our lives are a balancing act to maximize our gains from the scarce resources around us. And that is precisely what gives our lives meaning.


You only have one life, and it is finite. It will end, which means that it, too, is scarce. And when that resource is depleted, all of your other resources are gone. You can no longer gain benefits from love, friendship, wealth, or, most importantly, chocolate cake. So all of your enjoyment of the scarce resources around you will be stripped if your one final resource, your life, is gone.


HEAVENOMICS?
So what the hell does this have to do with heaven? Well, the basic idea of an afterlife is that we will live forever in some sort of paradise. In this paradise, we have everything we need, and our worries are gone. I would like to posit that, through the idea of scarcity, this paradise would in fact be a meaningless hellhole which would strip us of our humanity and remove the purpose of our existence.


Let's look at our most precious resource: time. Suddenly, rather than being scarce, it is infinite. We have all the time we would ever need. Can you spend time with the ones you love? Nope. In fact, you can't spend time at all. There is always more of it. You could spend thirty billion years with the ones you love, and that time would be zero percent of your total life span (infinite). So spending time with the ones you love loses all meaning -- you sacrifice nothing to be with them. You can always devote more time to them, which means that each moment you spend with them is utterly meaningless. There's always another moment just waiting around the corner!


Further, life itself loses meaning if it is eternal, and this is strongly linked to the scarcity of time. If it is impossible to die, then living itself becomes meaningless -- its infinite presence strips it of its worth. How about infinite beauty? We often hear about how everything in heaven is infinite in its splendor and beauty. But if everything is infinitely beautiful, then infinite beauty is... average. Once everything is beautiful, nothing is beautiful. Beauty is beautiful because it is limited. It is fleeting; it is scarce. Infinite beauty is infinitely ugly.


What would you do in heaven? You have everything you need, right? You would no longer need food or sleep -- those were qualities of your earthly body. But even if you did need those things, it wouldn't matter; you would have infinite time. You could learn about the universe from the all-knowing creator -- but why? No knowledge will serve you well, as you are now surrounded by an infinite amount of resources that meet your every need. You will need nothing, you will have everything, and therefore, you will desire nothing -- nothing will give meaning to your existence. You will no longer be human.


When someone tells me about the possibility of living eternally, I recoil. I want nothing less than eternal life or eternal bliss. Eternal life would be infinitely worthless, and eternal bliss would be eternally meaningless. Scarcity is what drives us to act, to love others, and to find meaning in our lives. When that scarcity is stripped from us, we are nothing.
"I'll tell you a secret. Something they don't teach you in your temple. The Gods envy us. They envy us because we're mortal, because any moment might be our last. Everything is more beautiful because we're doomed. You will never be lovelier than you are now. We will never be here again."
- Brad Pitt (Achilles), Troy (2004)


Know Your Arguments: Mark Cahill


This installment of Know Your Arguments was sparked by a recent Facebook event I was invited to. Mark Cahill, of Mark Cahill Ministries, is going to be coming to campus on Sunday morning for a church service on personal evangelism. Who is Mark Cahill, you might be asking? He's the author of "One Heartbeat Away" and "The One Thing You Can't Do in Heaven" and, well, he's crazy. Let me share a bit about what he believes.

Faith
In Cahill's book, he writes:
Although we may not realize it, we all have faith in something. In fact, you place your faith in many things every day. You have faith each time you drive that other drivers will stop at red lights. You have faith that the chair on which you're sitting will continue to hold you. Every time you fly, you exercise faith that the pilot is not suicidal and planning to crash the plane.
This is an argument we face a lot. Faith isn't a bad thing, everyone has faith in something, right? Christians and atheists just have faith in different things. This is patently untrue. Let me explain.

The Bible has a few verses talking about what faith is. The major one is Hebrews 11:1-2:
Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen. This is what the ancients were commended for.
This is faith in the Bible. We accept that other drivers will stop at red lights because we have evidence for it. We've seen drivers stop before and expect them to again. We accept the chair won't collapse because we see that it looks sturdy. It feels sturdy. We've sat before and seen it not break. This is all evidence from our senses. It's everything Biblical faith is against. Atheism does not require faith. Life requires acceptance of ideas based on the evidence presented. When sufficient counter-evidence is presented, our acceptance ceases.

Science
Cahill is boldly anti-science. After watching Expelled, he commented that evolution was the leading reason for bringing college students away from religion (not that I disagree). The first chapter of his last book is an attack on science and he was recently on a radio show to do the same thing.

Here's a test to you. Go through his arguments...do you have a response ready? If not, Scientific America is here to help. Need to see some evidence of evolution? Check out Talk Origins. I'll hit on three major points of Intelligent Design...

Irreducible Complexity
This is utter bullshit. There is nothing in existence that is irreducibly complex. Even though an eye can't function without a part, the others parts can still do other things. Stephen Colbert once mocked an ID supporter who compared the eye to a mouse trap losing a spring. Colbert replied with something to the effect of, then you'd only have a block of wood and some metal, and there's certainly nothing you can do with those! This is the essence of the argument. Each part can have uses outside of the whole system.

If you're looking for specific examples from the eye to flagellum, check out Talk Origins. They have specific explanations for all of them.

Fine-Tuned Universe and Earth
Cahill harps on this one in his book. Conditions have to be perfect on Earth and in the universe for life to exist. That must be God...right? First, we'll examine the fine-tuned earth. It's not too close to the sun nor too far away. Days are just long enough, etc, etc. How do you explain it? Well, if it wasn't that way, we wouldn't be around to think about it. Imagine a human population was dropped on every planet we know. All would die except one, those dropped on earth. That's essentially what happened to us. The start of intelligent life anywhere else died off. The fact that we didn't means earth must have conditions needed to survive. It's statistics, not God.

The universe could very well be the same way. Many scientists have proposed the idea of a multiverse. Honestly though, I don't know. The evidence isn't there to definitively prove anything. So, lets accept that. Saying "I don't know" isn't a weakness. The lack of evidence for one idea isn't evidence for the alternative.

Argument from Design
The final argument I want to address is the argument from design. The argument dates back to ancient Greece and was popularized by Paley's watch. We can tell by looking at a watch that there was a designer. Thus, we look at life and know something designed it. What a stretch. Natural processes are much different than things we make and where does the argument lead even if we accept it? Something must have designed the designer. It's an infinite regression.


Cahill will be in the GBPAC at 10:00 AM on Sunday (perfectly timed to head to brunch afterwards). If you'd like to attend, I believe it is an open event. I hope I can shed some insight on what to expect.


2010-2011 UNIFI Officers Applications


Interested in getting more involved in UNIFI? Here is your chance! Starting next Wednesday, we will begin interviewing for next year's leadership. This primarily consists of officers, but we will also be offering a number of other leadership roles as well. Interviews will run from March 30th until April 6th and the new leaderships team will be announced on April 8th.

If you're interested in interviewing, here's what you need to do:
  • Look at the interview times listed below and see when you're available.
  • Check out the officer positions listed and decide one(s) you're interested in.
  • Send an email to interviews@unifreethought.com listing ALL of the interview times you would be available for and all of the officer roles you would be interested in. If none of the interview times work (and I realize they are very limited), also include what other times you would be available. The more available times you can list, the better.
  • Look at the prepared questions listed below and start thinking about your answers.
Each interview will take approximately a half hour and will be conducted by Cody Hashman, Seth Coster, and me. Each interview will include three prepared questions and a series of questions we won't tell you about beforehand.

The prepared questions are:
  • What's the future of UNIFI? Does anything need to be done to change the path we are on?
  • What are your thoughts on Blasphemy Day?
  • What is the best post on the UNIFI blog and why?
Preferred interviewing times are:
Tuesday, March 30th -- 2pm - 4pm
Wednesday, March 31st -- 2pm - 5pm
Thursday, April 1st -- 2pm - 4pm
Friday, April 2nd -- 11am - 4pm
April 3rd - April 4th -- None
Monday, April 5th -- 2pm - 5pm
Tuesday, April 6th -- 8am - 11am; 2pm - 4pm

Finally, here is each officer spot with a list of responsibilities and some quick comments:

Vice President
Point person for all special events
Manage UNIFreethought.com
Other duties as assigned

We are looking for initiative in the Vice President position. This person has a limited number of job responsibilities so he/she can concentrate on new ideas for the group. Typically, he/she organizes the Flying Spaghetti Monster Dinner and spends a lot of time with the blog.

Director of Membership
Recruitment of new members
Retention of members
Organizing event volunteers
Other duties as assigned

The biggest responsibility in this position is recruitment, particularly during summer orientation. Being in Cedar Falls over the summer is a plus, but not required. We are looking for a charismatic person with a personal touch who can follow-up with new recruits and members who have fallen by the wayside.

Director of Activities
Point person for all regularly scheduled UNIFI events
Develop promotional materials for all events
Serve as the media liaison
Other duties as assigned

Organization is key in this role. The Director of Activities is constantly busy setting up regular events, putting out Facebook events, and designing promotional materials. If you have any experience in design and are interested in this role, be sure to mention it.

Director of Finance
Handle all UNIFI finances (track spending and monitor budget)
Lead any fundraising efforts, including merchandise
Have a working knowledge of funding sources and guidelines
Complete all requests for funding and present to the appropriate committees
Other duties as assigned

The Director of Finance is all about working with spreadsheets and understanding funding sources. It requires NO background in finance or accounting. Much of the DoF's time is spent entering expenditures into a spreadsheet, reporting the costs of events, and requesting funding from NISG and private sources. The DoF also handles merchandise including shirt sales.

That should cover everything. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me. I can't wait to get started with interviews!


"Benedict's Fragile Church"


Original op-ed published on NYTimes.com by Peter Schneider. Schneider brings a German perspective to the issue of Catholic pedophilia and the church's reaction. Emphases in bold are my own.

It’s not hard, then, for us to draw the conclusion — fair or not — that the church’s problems are rooted in celibacy...Does this condition not attract sexually disturbed and pedophiliac men, who count on cover and understanding in the bosom of the church?


POPE BENEDICT XVI’s strongly worded apology for the child-abuse scandal in Ireland, issued last week, left Germans like myself scratching our heads.

Where is the apology for the abuses in Germany? After all, even as the number of Irish abuse cases mounts, the depth and history of abuse in Germany is just now becoming clear — more than 250 cases are known, with more appearing each day. At least 14 priests are under investigation by the authorities.

Though Germany is a secular country and Catholics make up only a third of the population, the scandal has engendered a national debate — about religious education, about single-sex institutions and, above all, about the role of celibacy in the Catholic Church.

And while the scandal is not unique to Germany, the current wave of abuse revelations sweeping Europe feels particularly German, because the pope is German: Benedict was once Joseph Ratzinger, the archbishop of Munich and Freising and long a leading voice of conservative German Catholics.

While it’s too soon to know for sure how the scandals will affect church membership, rumor has it that the number of resignations by churchgoers in Munich, where the Catholic Church is traditionally strong, has doubled or even tripled in the last month.

Catholics in Bavaria are especially outraged about the case of the priest Peter Hullermann. In 1979, Father Hullermann was accused of abuse in the western German city of Essen; he wasn’t convicted, and he was soon brought to Munich, for therapy.

He was allowed to continue working with children, but was soon convicted of abuse and sentenced to 18 months probation. Yet the diocese still allowed him to work with children — up until last week, when news of his history forced the church to suspend him.

One almost has the impression that the church’s Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, which is responsible for cases of sexual abuse, told the dioceses to follow a “don’t ask, don’t tell” policy. Did Archbishop Ratzinger know? His defenders say no. But Germans would like to hear it from the pope himself.

To be fair, there is possible wisdom in Benedict’s silence — with sex scandals involving priests erupting from Austria to the Netherlands, the situation is too fluid for a definitive papal statement.

And yet Pope Benedict should also recognize how precarious the Catholic Church is in Germany. Like Americans, Germans have already had to cope with a general loss of trust in public institutions. First there were the bankers, with their insane bets and bonuses. Then the politicians, who couldn’t stop the bankers. Now there is a loss of trust in the church.

But unlike in America, religion in Germany is already weak. In the former Communist east, only 2 percent of the population go to church on Sunday; in the western states, the number is 8 percent. Some dwindling congregations have had to sell their church buildings.

So far the church is benefiting from the breadth of sexual abuse scandals. Victims are also coming forward from Protestant institutions, from secular boarding schools and elite academies, from children’s homes. Many critics argue that any closed institution where male educators have charge of male children runs the risk of sexual abuse.

Conservative Catholic bishops go further, saying that the sexual abuse committed by their priests is a general social problem, traceable not to the church but to the sexualization of society, to the zeitgeist, to the sins of the 1968 generation. The truth, they suggest, was that the evil had struck in all sectors of society. Others have warned of the dangers of a witch hunt, and some have even highlighted a new form of political correctness.

But the figures available so far show that the problem is especially severe in the Catholic Church. Alois Glück, president of the Central Committee of German Catholics, has urged consideration of the “church-specific conditions that favor sexual abuse,” which many have taken as a call for the church to reconsider the matter of its priests’ celibacy.

This is yet another difference between the Irish and American scandals and our own. Ireland and America are deeply religious places; if priestly celibacy is not as well understood there as it once was, it is nevertheless respected.

Germany is not only a secular country, but a sexually liberated one as well. Many Germans find the Vatican’s demand of priestly celibacy completely alien, and we recognize it as a historical, rather than holy, tradition, going back to a decree by Pope Benedict VIII in 1022. Indeed, in a poll conducted last week, 87 percent of Germans said that celibacy is no longer appropriate.

It’s not hard, then, for us to draw the conclusion — fair or not — that the church’s problems are rooted in celibacy. Much more so than in the United States, the German debate is about the fundamental structure of the Catholic church: Must a person be chaste to exercise the office of a priest? Does this condition not attract sexually disturbed and pedophiliac men, who count on cover and understanding in the bosom of the church?

How Benedict handles the issue in the coming weeks will determine not only how well the German church endures, but whether it can survive in its current form at all. None of the victims has yet sought reparations, but sooner or later, the church will have to offer compensation. The American church has paid $2 billion to abuse victims since 1992; can the German church afford the same?


Aggressive Atheism!


By UNIFI member and guest blogger Michael Dippold:

The beliefs of religious folks...are all unfortunate examples of emotional baggage left over from a time before the prevalence of science and reason, when the only apparent logical answer to perfectly natural problems was supernatural phenomenon. But the middle ages are gone. This 'delusion' is no longer necessary, and maybe it never was to begin with. 

One of the most frequent criticisms of the atheist movement concerns how aggressive some of us are in our attacks on religion. Of course, most moderate religious folks share our antipathy towards the radicals who would commit violence in the name of their religion. We are right to attack those people, say the moderates, but why must we "aggressive atheists" persist in our attacks against those religious people who practice their faith in peace, and don't harm anyone along the way? Why not adopt a more live-and-let-live attitude?

I've pondered this question a lot over the last year or two, and I would love nothing more than to be able to honestly say that I have no problem with religion as long as it does not directly harm anyone, but I can't in good conscious do that. While a person's religion may not always lead them on a crusade, it's still a kind of willful ignorance that I believe can do nothing but retard the cause of human progress. The beliefs of religious folks vary in their level of absurdity from person to person, but in the end they are all unfortunate examples of emotional baggage left over from a time before the prevalence of science and reason, when the only apparent logical answer to perfectly natural problems was supernatural phenomenon. But the middle ages are gone. This 'delusion' is no longer necessary, and maybe it never was to begin with. The point is that most atheists are aggressive not because we have any special hatred for religion, or religious people, but because we care too much about the future of the human race to sit back and let people be consumed by archaic beliefs and practices that lead people to backwards morality, and bad science.

That's a bit harsh though, right? Isn't "aggressive atheism" just an excuse for us to harass people who disagree with us? Aren't we essentially just bullies? I don't think so. I'll be the first to say that the vast majority of religious folks are kind, honest people, who are very sincere in their beliefs. They should be treated with respect and dignity, even if their beliefs are not. Aggressive atheists are (almost without exception) about attacking ideas, not people, and I think that's what makes our methods justifiable. So long as atheists do not stumble into vulgar personal attacks, then we will always be a movement that seeks only to change what people believe, and how they view the world around them. That's our niche, and I believe that we're filling it splendidly.

In the end, we're not that different than those religious folks who proselytize for their own cause, we're just pushing a more rational and less dogmatic set of beliefs. The intellectual landscape isn't dominated solely by atheists, there are plenty of people out there actively working to convert you. What's more aggressive than knocking on people's doors, or renting billboard space solely to inform you that your choices are Jesus or eternal suffering? It's a terrifying message, and if nothing else that I have said justifies what atheists are doing to get our own message across, then the tenacity of the ideological opposition should say enough. It's a war of ideas. It may be occasionally aggressive, but it's also incredibly important to the future of humanity, far too important to be ignored.


Links for the Sabbath! 3/21/10!


NOM NOM NOM
I hope everyone had a great, safe spring break, and that you're all refreshed and ready to close out the year! Here are some links for the sabbath you can enjoy before giving in to the inevitable return of classes tomorrow:






Science Links:
  • Central heating in bee hives This is a pretty cool article about how certain bees are designated as "heater bees" whose job is to warm up the pupae to certain temperatures. Here's the trick: the temperature at which the pupae incubate determines their later roles! Cool! 
  •  Do unto others as...others have done to you? An interesting study on altruism that finds that a major motivation for altruistic actions is the condition of whether one has been the recipient of altruistic actions (not expecting a gain in return, but "paying it forward").
  • LIFE! This 11 part series debuted this evening on Discovery. I know I was harsh on the Discovery franchise earlier this week, and though I stand by that post, I am thrilled so far with the sequel to Planet Earth. The next new episodes are next Sunday, I'll post one of the most interesting clips as this week's video below.
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Religion Links:
  • Pope's "apology" to Irish Catholics: While there were some good points of the Pope's apology to Irish Catholics, he carefully avoided apologizing on behalf of the Vatican, leveling the blame on Irish bishops and the secularization of Irish society: "We are astounded that the pope links the problem to secularisation. It shows a misunderstanding of the dynamics of sexual violence and suggests there is little hope the church will ever know how to respond."
  • Texas Board of Education decides that refusing to teach Science is not enough, sets sights on US History:  "The proposed changes are formally restricted to teaching materials used in Texas, but the state's textbook-purchasing heft – second only to that of California – is so great that the historically revised tomes could well wind up being taught in 80 per cent of U.S. schools." Please read this important article.

  • Death sentence for "black magic" in Saudi Arabia: "According to Arab News, an English language Saudi daily newspaper, after the most recent verdict was issued, the judges in Medina issued a statement expressing that Sibat deserved to be executed for having continually practiced black magic on his show, adding that this sentence would deter others from practicing sorcery." It seems to me that there is an obvious connection between believing in superstitious nonsense (like black magic) and killing people over superstitious nonsense.
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Video: LIFE (it's narrated by Oprah!)






Blasphemy Saturday: Detroit bus ads defaced


Here is yet another news story to reaffirm the fact that some people are offended by the very existence of nonbelievers:

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Three Detroit buses with advertisements promoting atheism appear to have been vandalized over the past week, an advocacy group said Monday.

The buses featured advertisements earlier this month that read: "Don't believe in God? You are not alone." The signage was paid for by a coalition of atheist and agnostic groups. In one ad, the word "Don't" is torn off, according to photographs provided by the group. On another, the word "Don't" is scratched over several times.

The SMART bus system is replacing the ads for free per its policies, SMART spokeswoman Beth Dryden said. She would not confirm that the advertisements were vandalized, saying only that they were damaged. Dryden said they have not filed a police report.

Atheists said the defaced advertisements were a sign of how they face prejudice.

"It's unfortunate," said Fred Edwords, national director for the United Coalition of Reason, the Washington D.C.-based group that paid for the ads. "It's a sign that we need to keep getting our message out. This kind of prejudice won't go away unless we are up front and out there."

About a dozen of the atheist ads were placed this month on Detroit buses, part of a national campaign to promote atheism that has placed ads in more than 20 cities on buses, subways and billboards.
The defaced ads were discovered during the weekend while the buses were in storage for the night, Dryden said.

Some billboards were vandalized in California this year, Edwords said, but this is the first time that their bus ads have been targeted.

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Of course, this is the same bus ad that was run by the Iowa Atheists and Freethinkers this summer in Des Moines. Our own Governor Culver's reaction to the ad speaks to our point here. Keep in mind that the ad reads "Don't believe in God? You're not alone" (in other words, 'atheists exist'):

“I was disturbed, personally, by the advertisement and I can understand why other Iowans were also disturbed by the message that it sent.”


Are these science-oriented TV channels really on our side?


 What constitutes scientific truth is not affected by ratings, but these networks are. In order to exist, it is necessary that they sell their proverbial souls in order to please the viewers rather than educate them.

Yesterday afternoon I found myself watching Animal Planet's "The Most Extreme" when I was assaulted with this clip:




Aura reading? Huh?! I went to the guide only to find that "A Haunting" was on Discovery (these "paranormal" shows are frustratingly common and commonly frustrating in their celebration of pseudoscience). I even found "Nostradamus 2012" on the History Channel today.

It seems like every other day these channels that are supposed to be scientific or educational end up pandering to the superstitious community. Is this what happens when science is turned into a business: companies trying to keep statistically religious and superstitious Americans watching their channels by sacrificing intellectual honesty? My point is that it seems to me that there is some cognitive dissonance here: science is not a democracy, and it is not a business.What constitutes scientific truth is not affected by ratings, but these networks are. In order to exist, it is necessary that they sell their proverbial souls in order to please the viewers rather than educate them. It's nothing more than a feedback loop, and it frustrates me to no end.


Constance McMillen's Prom


Originally posted on the Philadelphia Atheism Examiner

The Itawamba County Agricultural High School in Mississippi in which McMillen attends, decided that it was better to cancel the entire prom for everyone rather than allow Constance to bring her girlfriend to the dance.


Recently, 18-year-old Constance McMillen has become the target of discrimination. She intended to go to her prom dressed in a tuxedo with her girlfriend as her date. The very religious school officials consider same-gender relations to be a sin and as such Superintendent Teresa McNeece told McMillen that she could not come with her female date. If they showed up they would be “ejected.”


McMillen contacted her local ACLU who notified the school that this kind of discrimination was unconstitutional and would be met with a lawsuit. The Itawamba County Agricultural High School in Mississippi in which McMillen attends, decided that it was better to cancel the entire prom for everyone rather than allow Constance to bring her girlfriend to the dance.


The school district however stated that they hoped that private citizens in the community would organize a dance. A private dance would be legally allowed to invite or in this case not invite who ever they choose. Presumably the school seemed to think that a Church or other religious organization would hold a dance which would exclude Constance and her girlfriend.


What they probably did not expect was that The American Humanist Association (AHA) would be the private group who would step in to organize the dance. Thanks to a $20,000 donation, the AHA is making preparations for an LGBT-inclusive dance. No discrimination, everyone is allowed to have fun.


Roy Speckhardt, Executive Director of the AHA had this to say, “It’s shameful that closed-minded members of the school board are prepared to deprive an entire class of students their prom over their outdated religious mores.” He went on to state that, “the ACLU is doing good work in Mississippi, and we humanists can also bring resources to the table that will defend students from a repressive school board.”


Billy Connolly and Julia Sweeney


Hey, everybody! We've been doing mostly intellectual posts lately, so I thought I would post something a bit lighter today! Here is Billy Connolly on religion (from "Was it something I said?") and Julia Sweeney on Mormonism (from "Letting go of God").









Links for the Sabbath: 3/14/10


How's it going, everyone? I hope spring break is going well for you all. Here are this week's Links for the Sabbath!!
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Science Links:  
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    Religion Links: 
     

    • Religion as a "Personal Choice" Common Ground is coming up soon, so fasten your seatbelts, girls and boys! This is a brief write-up from last year's hug-fest courtesy of former Vice President Nick Covington. Check it out. Here is the facebook event for Common Ground if you're interested in attending.
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    Video: Muslim virgins in Paradise as explained by Syrian-born Saudi cleric Muhammad Al-Munajid: Who wouldn't want to go to a heaven where the women are perfectly beautiful and submissive? I dunno....women?



    NY Times: "Atheism is a legacy worth fighting for"


    Hey all, check out this opinion piece from the New York Times I found on reddit!
    "When I do a good deed, I do so not with an eye toward gaining God's favor; I do it because if I did not, I could not look at myself in the mirror. A moral deed is by definition its own reward."
     LONDON — For centuries, we have been told that without religion we are no more than egotistic animals fighting for our share, our only morality that of a pack of wolves; only religion, it is said, can elevate us to a higher spiritual level. Today, when religion is emerging as the wellspring of murderous violence around the world, assurances that Christian or Muslim or Hindu fundamentalists are only abusing and perverting the noble spiritual messages of their creeds ring increasingly hollow. What about restoring the dignity of atheism, one of Europe's greatest legacies and perhaps our only chance for peace?

    More than a century ago, in "The Brothers Karamazov" and other works, Dostoyevsky warned against the dangers of godless moral nihilism, arguing in essence that if God doesn't exist, then everything is permitted. The French philosopher André Glucksmann even applied Dostoyevsky's critique of godless nihilism to 9/11, as the title of his book, "Dostoyevsky in Manhattan," suggests.
    This argument couldn't have been more wrong: The lesson of today's terrorism is that if God exists, then everything, including blowing up thousands of innocent bystanders, is permitted - at least to those who claim to act directly on behalf of God, since, clearly, a direct link to God justifies the violation of any merely human constraints and considerations. In short, fundamentalists have become no different than the "godless" Stalinist Communists, to whom everything was permitted, since they perceived themselves as direct instruments of their divinity, the Historical Necessity of Progress Toward Communism.

    Fundamentalists do what they perceive as good deeds in order to fulfill God's will and to earn salvation; atheists do them simply because it is the right thing to do. Is this also not our most elementary experience of morality? When I do a good deed, I do so not with an eye toward gaining God's favor; I do it because if I did not, I could not look at myself in the mirror. A moral deed is by definition its own reward. David Hume made this point poignantly when he wrote that the only way to show true respect for God is to act morally while ignoring God's existence.

    Two years ago, Europeans were debating whether the preamble of the European Constitution should mention Christianity. As usual, a compromise was worked out, a reference in general terms to the "religious inheritance" of Europe. But where was modern Europe's most precious legacy, that of atheism? What makes modern Europe unique is that it is the first and only civilization in which atheism is a fully legitimate option, not an obstacle to any public post.

    Atheism is a European legacy worth fighting for, not least because it creates a safe public space for believers. Consider the debate that raged in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia, my home country, as the constitutional controversy simmered: should Muslims (mostly immigrant workers from the old Yugoslav republics) be allowed to build a mosque? While conservatives opposed the mosque for cultural, political and even architectural reasons, the liberal weekly journal Mladina was consistently outspoken in its support for the mosque, in keeping with its concern for the rights of those from other former Yugoslav republics.

    Not surprisingly, given its liberal attitudes, Mladina was also one of the few Slovenian publications to reprint the caricatures of Muhammad. And, conversely, those who displayed the greatest "understanding" for the violent Muslim protests those cartoons caused were also the ones who regularly expressed their concern for the fate of Christianity in Europe.

    These weird alliances confront Europe's Muslims with a difficult choice: The only political force that does not reduce them to second-class citizens and allows them the space to express their religious identity are the "godless" atheist liberals, while those closest to their religious social practice, their Christian mirror-image, are their greatest political enemies.

    The paradox is that Muslims' only real allies are not those who first published the caricatures for shock value, but those who, in support of the ideal of freedom of expression, reprinted them.

    While a true atheist has no need to bolster his own stance by provoking believers with blasphemy, he also refuses to reduce the problem of the Muhammad caricatures to one of respect for other's beliefs. Respect for other's beliefs as the highest value can mean only one of two things: Either we treat the other in a patronizing way and avoid hurting him in order not to ruin his illusions, or we adopt the relativist stance of multiple "regimes of truth," disqualifying as violent imposition any clear insistence on truth.

    What about submitting Islam - together with all other religions - to a respectful, but for that reason no less ruthless, critical analysis? This, and only this, is the way to show a true respect for Muslims: to treat them as adults responsible for their beliefs.


    Blasphemy Friday: Zuerst die Fuesse


    "Blasphemy and artistic value are not mutually exclusive."
    Somehow there was a blasphemous piece of art that sneaked under UNIFI's radar! I'm not sure how this is possible, because we do our best to scour the web for the Piss Christs, the Danish cartoons, and the Punx Against Christ Posters, but I don't think we caught this one. Zuerst die Fuesse ("Feet First") is a wooden sculpture of a frog being crucified whilst holding a beer in one hand and an egg in the other. It was created in 1990 by Martin Kippenberger, an artist from Germany.


    The sculpture has sparked quite an outrage: Pope Benedict called for it to be banned from the museum in Bolzano that currently houses it (which is apparently quite near to one of the pope's vacation homes). In protest to the artwork, Franz Pahl (the president of the regional government) went on a hunger strike and had to be hospitalized in the summer of 2008. Said Pahl: "Surely this is not a work of art but a blasphemy and a disgusting piece of trash that upsets many people." This is partly true: it is a blasphemous piece of art (although that may not have been the intention of the artist, who viewed it as a "self-portrait illustrating human angst"), and it is certainly upsetting to many people.


    The obvious truth that he fails to realize is that blasphemy and artistic value are not mutually exclusive. In fact, I would contend that blasphemous inspiration stemming from frustration with religion could make a work valid on those grounds alone (granted, I know nothing about art).


    Claudio Strinati (a superintendent for Rome's public museums) had this to say: "Art must always be free and the artist should not have any restrictions on freedom of expression."

    We couldn't agree more.


    Thursdays with Seth #18: F--- Your Self Esteem!


    Hey, blogreaders! That's a word I just invented. It means "people who read a blog," and it is pronounced "blog-readers." (Note: The 'R's are rolled, and the final 'S' is a guttural ulutation from the seat of your pants.)



    WELCOME

    To the 18th (I think it's the eighteenth, but who gives a shit?) edition of Thursdays with Seth! This week, I, Seth Coster, Director of UNIFInance, am running on minimal sleep and maximal caffeine. I've been massaging charts, prodding ratios, and forecasting my sack off all week. It does strange things to the human brain -- or does it? Let's find out. Donkeys.

    FYSE
    What's that? Is that some crazy jumble of letters? Yes, it is, and it's called an acronym. The Latin root for Acronym is "acro," which means "to do backflips," and the suffix is "nym," which means "sex maniac who also knits." FYSE is a new system of education that I invented at 3:00 in the morning on Tuesday this week. LET'S DISCUSS.

    What's the problem?
    The basic problem is that people are basically stupid. Why are they stupid? Because they're soft. They get pampered and coddled through their entire public education, and by the time they get to college, they have morphed into pansy weaklings who expect to have an enema of 'A+'s every time they fondle a pencil while humping a desk covered in drool. This is in large part due to the bullshit theory known as the SELF-ESTEEM MOVEMENT.

    The self-esteem theory says this. No matter how badly someone fails, you must tell them that they did a good job. That way, they feel good about themselves, and then, they will believe in themselves next time and succeed! And then, when they ride the unicorn bus down magical fairy town lane, they can collect all the gumdrops they want and ride the lollipop rollercoaster FOR FREE! That's right. Because it's not hard work or knowledge or learning from your mistakes that makes you successful; it's feeling good about yourself, even if it's a lie.

    As a victim of the self-esteem movement, I can tell you that it has taken me my entire college career to undo the artificially high self perception that was pumped into me by my teachers from the time I was but a wee pup until the time I hit an ice patch and swerved into the ditch, only to barely miss a tree and knock off my rear view mirror. Yes, it has been a long time.

    BUT HOW DO WE FIX IT?
    It's easy. We implement the FYSE system. As you may recall, FYSE is an acronym. It stands for "fuck your self esteem." It's a simple system, and it works like this!

    In the real world, you don't get "points" for doing what's expected of you. You only stay at the average. You can only gain "points" for going above and beyond. So why do teachers hand out points for assignments that anyone can do? Under our current system, each assignment has a point total, and however well you do determines how many points you get.

    The FYSE system says, "Fuck that." Instead of earning points out of a total, there is no total. You start with zero points, and that's all you get. From there, you can only lose points for every time you screw up. Miss a class? -40 points. Answer a question on a test wrong? -20 points. The number of points lost is proportional to how badly the kid screws up. And then, it's graded on a curve. Whoever loses the least points in the semester is on the top of the curve. But instead of a curve wherein most people get Cs, a few get B,s and a fewer get As, the FYSE system says, "no." One person gets an A. Everyone else gets a C, except for the bottom 20%, who get Fs. Either you are average, you fail, or you are a total badass.

    Under rare circumstances, you may earn credit. There is no extra credit, because that is a bullshit concept. In life, you can only get credit, get no credit, or fail miserably (which you get credit for -- it just happens to not be credit you want). So instead of "extra" credit, you just get credit if you happen to do something unbelievably far above and beyond expectations.

    THEN, THE WORLD IS SHAVED.
    We need to introduce competition back into our education system. People need to understand that if they don't apply themselves, they will be thrown under the bus when they enter the job market. The longer we shield them from this, well, I can't really relate this back to the bus metaphor, but they will suck at life.

    SO WRITE TO YOUR CONGRESSMAN. Tell him, "Hey, congress man! I know you're actually a woman, but I'm sexist. We need to implement the FYSE system into our schools TODAY NOW."

    Because, as the FYSE slogan goes, "You can't get anywhere in life with an artificially high sense of self worth, because you will be unable to handle failure and will eventually lead a life of misery and self-destruction, but it could have been avoided if only those who taught you how to live your life didn't give in to the self-esteem movement, which was the dumbest idea ever created."

    It's a bit long. We're working on it.


    Smut for Smut


    The University of Texas -- San Antonio's Atheist Agenda organization made some waves on their campus with their "Smut for Smut" campaign. They offered students a chance to trade in their Bibles for pornography. The event was an attempt to challenge believers to examine what's in their holy book


    Hemant Mehta of the Friendly Atheist had this to say:
    Who’s joining the group over stunts like this? Probably people I wouldn’t want to be in a group with in the first place — the type that get off on pushing religious people down instead of doing something meaningful and productive.

    There are so many reasons people should not be religious. Why not give them a compelling reason to toss faith aside? Letting them know that atheists can be just as jerky as evangelical bible-thumpers isn’t helping the cause.
     PZ Myers disagrees:
    If it's not offending someone, sacrilege isn't sacrilege — it's not doing what it is supposed to do, which is to defy an invalid social norm. If everyone thinks that what you're doing is nice and compatible with their superstitions, you aren't going to make them think! And it worked.

    The other part of this issue, though, seems to be taken for granted by everyone. If I trade you a photo of a man and woman having sex for your ragged old Bible, who has gotten the better deal? How does that denigrate religion, unless you're assuming that sexuality is a sin, a corruption, a filthy offense to the gods? Hemant applauded the "Fiction for fiction", which I agree is also an excellent idea…but what's the difference? It seems to me that it simply skirted around one hot button for religion, sex; it's a more tightly focused campaign, but I think the whole weird sexual self-loathing aspect of modern Christianity is also something worth highlighting.
    What do you think? Sound off in the comments.


    Links for the Sabbath: Monday edition!


    Police artist rendition of STEVE...they forgot the CHOCOLATE!
    Little known fact: in the church of STEVE the CHOCOLATE NINJA, the sabbath is on a Monday! Now don't tell Steve I mentioned his name, because I don't want to get owned by a CHOCOLATE SWORD! Here we go!

    Science Links: 

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    Religion Links:
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    Skeptoob!!!!

    Hey! Check out our new video blog feature: Skeptoob! You should watch this because Stef, Seth, and I worked really hard on it! I'm not sure we'll be able to do this weekly; it took me a long time to edit it. Anyways, ENJOY!





    You Make the T-Shirt! -- Part 6


    Evergreen and white is the winner! After a grueling set of votes, the new UNIFI t-shirt is done. A big thank you to everyone who voted, submitted ideas, and gave feedback. Here's what the final shirt is going to look like:


     Since it was all of you who designed the shirt for us, we thought you should decide where the proceeds go. We've come up with three options to offer to you:

    Haiti Relief and Development (American Red Cross)
    Your gift to the American Red Cross will support emergency relief and recovery efforts to help those people affected by the earthquake in Haiti. Assistance provided by the American Red Cross may include deploying personnel, sending relief supplies, and providing financial resources.

    Chile Relief and Development (American Red Cross)
    On February 27, a magnitude 8.8 earthquake occurred in central Chile, about 56 miles northeast of the city of Concepción. The American Red Cross is working with its partners in the global Red Cross and Red Crescent network, including the Chilean Red Cross, to assist those affected by this disaster. Your gift to the American Red Cross will support emergency relief and recovery efforts to help those people affected by the earthquake in Chile. Assistance provided by the American Red Cross may include deploying personnel, sending relief supplies, and providing financial resources

    Northeast Iowa Food Bank
    The mission of the Northeast Iowa Food Bank is to provide nutritious food and grocery products to non-profit organizations and individuals in Northeast Iowa, while offering hunger education programs to the community and those in need.

    As usual, we'll have three days to vote. Thanks for everything!


    Thursaturdays with Seth #π: Small Victories


    WELCOME!

    To the π edition of THURSDAYS WITH SETH... SATURDAY GREEK EDITION! Why Greek? ... Why not?

    Hey, bitches! Did you know that the ancient Greeks were the founders of rhetoric? What the hell is rhetoric, you ask? In a nutshell, rhetoric is the art of using language to persuade others. Someone who is a master of rhetoric can move his audience to action and unite people. It used to be a huge deal, and anyone who wanted to be a public figure had to be well-versed in rhetoric. But no longer! Arguments today leap frantically from topic to topic, comprised mainly of personal attacks and incoherent, disconnected spurts of brain juice, squirting all over the discussion. It's disgusting, I know, which is why we need to put a stop to it. It's time to...

    LEARN SOME RHETORIC!

    The art of persuasion has three main parts: ethos, pathos, and logos. Ethos has to do with virtue or morality. Pathos has to do with emotion and feeling. And logos has to do with logic and action. "Great," you are thinking to yourself. "Exactly what I wanted... a vocabulary lesson." Fear not, you impatient fuck! This post is to illustrate how these are used in everyday discourse so that you can effectively command arguments.

    The big difference between pathos, ethos, and logos is:

    TENSE

    WHAT? That's right, tense. Past, present, and future.

    PAST TENSE
    When you are making a pathetic argument (pathetic in this context means "having to do with pathos"), you tend to operate in the past. Bringing up skeletons in someone's closet, making them feel guilty about something they did, or making them feel nostalgic about something from their past -- these all involve pathos. Most of our memories are emotionally rooted, so the past is the perfect place for pathos. Let's check out an example!

    Steve: We shouldn't be at war in Iraq. American education is hurting because of the war!
    Rupert: I suppose you would have opposed the US entering World War II, also?

    Disregarding that Rupert hasn't actually touched on Steve's claim, Rupert is trying to make Steve rethink his position by relating it to an emotionally charged issue. If Steve knows his history, he knows about the holocaust and Adolf Hitler's disgusting regime. And perhaps by evoking those emotions from an emotionally charged past event, Rupert can get Steve to back down. Or can he?

    PRESENT TENSE
    Notice that Steve's statement takes place in the present tense, while Rupert is arguing in the past tense. "We shouldn't be" versus "we shouldn't have." Rupert was using Pathos, but Steve was using Ethos, the language of virtue, morality, and character -- language that takes place in the present tense. Ethos is all about what we value right now. It asks questions like "who are we?" and "are we doing the right thing?"

    It is often difficult to take on an ethos statement with another ethos statement, because the values may conflict. Let's re-phrase the previous argument but keep both characters in the present, using ethos:

    Steve: We shouldn't be at war in Iraq. American education is hurting because of the war!
    Rupert: I'm a teacher, and trust me, Americans can't afford to stand by and watch while terrorists destroy our civilization. We need to be in Iraq. We will have to sacrifice education funding for now.


    Now we're fighting values with values. Rupert says that Americans have a moral obligation to step in and intervene in Iraq. As I said, though, values vs. values doesn't work very often, as a difference in values may be the reason for the disagreement in the first place. For an ethical (involving ethos) argument to be effective, one's character should be demonstrated to be strong. In this case, Steve is probably more likely to listen to Rupert because Rupert's ethos is supercharged by his disinterest. By opposing increased funding for education in favor of military spending, Rupert demonstrates a self-sacrifice for an issue, which makes him seem to have a stronger character.

    It would be far less convincing, though, if Steve were a soldier. A soldier opposing war arguing with a teacher opposing education would be an ethos gridlock, so it would then be wise to turn the conversation to...

    FUTURE TENSE
    This is where logos, the language of choice, operates. All choices take place in the future. Once we make a choice, it is no longer a choice; it is simply an event from the past. To appeal to someone's logos, you must appeal to the future and to their ability to change the course of their own future. While pathos asks "what happened" and ethos asks "who are we," logos asks, "what should we do?" The most constructive arguments have a very solid footing in the present. You may find that you can turn a hostile confrontation into a rather constructive, friendly one by simply turning the discussion into a conversation about the future.

    Steve: We shouldn't be at war in Iraq. American education is hurting because of the war!
    Rupert: I'm a teacher, and trust me, Americans can't afford to stand by and watch while terrorists destroy our civilization. We need to be in Iraq. We will have to sacrifice education funding for now.
    Steve: I agree that we can't sit back and ignore terrorism, but we should fight it on a micro scale in places where terrorism is more rampant, rather than on a huge scale in a collapsed state like we are now. If we do that, our troops won't be spread so thin, and we would have more resources available to spend on education. Everyone wins!

    At this point, Rupert will have to now take into consideration the choices of the future. The conversation started with ethos, but Steve flipped it into logos. Since both men are in ethos gridlock, this was a good move by Steve. Steve also demonstrated a very effective argument tool:

    CONCESSION
    Sometimes, in order to get an opponent to become more willing to listen to your side, you must concede some of his points. Simply refuting everything the other person says makes the discussion go nowhere fast. Instead, grant them several smaller points, and they will be more likely to give you a larger one.

    At Faith Forum, for example, I used concession to get several Christians to whole-heartedly agree with me that God doesn't actually intervene with the physical world as a result of prayer. I conceded two points: that God exists and that prayer was a way to speak to God. These are central tenets of Christianity, and it would be impossible to shake someone's resolution about these beliefs. So instead of arguing over whether God exists, or even whether it's possible to talk to God, I granted them those two points and then turned the discussion to the physical outcomes of prayer. They were much more receptive and willing to listen than they would have been if I had simply said, "God doesn't exist, and you can't talk to him." The conversation would have ended right there. So I had won a small victory by getting a few people to reconsider some of their own ideas, even though those ideas were small in the big scheme of things.

    Concession allows you to win the battle -- and you must remember that the war is never over. It is a never-ending stream of small battles, which you must turn into small victories (which add up to large victories). There will always be someone to persuade to your side, regardless of the circumstances. Want to get your friends to go out to a movie instead of studying? Want to seduce your spouse even though he/she has had a long day at work? Want to get someone to donate money to a cause? Want to talk yourself into getting your ass out of bed in the morning? Once you look at it from the right angle, persuasion is a required element in nearly every interaction we have with people. Master it!

    The argument techniques in this blog post come from Thank You for Arguing, a clearly-written book on rhetoric by Jay Heinrichs. Buy it! Read it!


     
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